TurboBeads in scientific literature

General

What are TurboBeads:

TurboBeads are nanomagnets with a metallic core which is coated with an extremely thin (~ 1 nm) carbon layer [1,2].

     [1] Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 4909-12. (DOI)
     [2] Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3275-81. (DOI)

After grafting chemical functional groups to the TurboBeads surface, Suzuki cross-coupling reactions (C-C bonds) can be utilized to construct more advanced organic functionalities on the surface of the magnetic beads. Chemical modification of TurboBeads utilizing Suzuki coupling [3].

     [3] Chem. Commun. 2008, 4297-9. (DOI)

Biochemical Applications

Lentiviral particles were bound to the surface of the TurboBeads utilizing the biotin-streptavidin interaction and directed into cells (magnetofection) [4]. It was shown that TurboBeads can also be utilized in-vivo for the targeting of nucleic acid information (transfection)

     [4] Biotechnol. 2009, 141, 118-22. (DOI)

Nucleic acids and proteins were bound to the surface of the beads for a range of applications using amine, streptavidin and Protein A coated TurboBeads

     [5] WASET 2011, 65, 405-10. (DOI)
     [6] Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 4649-51. (DOI)
     [7] Biomed. Tech. 2010, 55. (DOI)
     [8] IFMBE Proceedings 2010, 32, 142-145. (DOI)

Fluorescent detection of TurboBeads utilizing a BODIPY fluorescent dye attached to the bead surface and the formation of dendrimer structures.

     [9] Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 3606-13. (DOI)

Medical Applications

Heavy metal chelators, antibodies and FAB fragments were bound to the surface of TurboBeads utilizing a variety of protocols. The functionalized beads were utilized to extract toxins from whole blood. This shows that TurboBeads can be utilized to selectively extract components from mixtures as complex as blood.

     [10] Small 2010, 6, 1388-92. (DOI)
     [11] Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2011. (DOI)
     [12] Nanomedicine 2011. (DOI)

Chemistry, Engineering and Materials

TurboBeads can be functionalized with specialized ligands to extract heavy (EDTA, Cu, Cr, etc.) and/or precious (Au, Pt, Pd) metals from solutions.

     [13] J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 8239-43. (DOI)
     [14] Chem. Commun. 2009, 32, 4862-4. (DOI)
     [15] Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49, 9355-62. (DOI)

TurboBeads can be chemically functionalized with homogeneous catalysts (e.g. TEMPO, enantioselective etc., precious metal) utilizing the click reaction. This enabling a rapid recovery and recycling of the catalysts after use. 

     [16] Chem. Eur. J. 2008, 14, 8262-6. (DOI)
     [17] Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 305-10. (DOI)
     [18] Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 1867-70. (DOI)
     [19] Chem. Eur. J. 2010, 16, 8950-67. (DOI)
     [20] Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 4323-28. (DOI)
     [21] J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 2991-6. (DOI)

TurboBeads were chemically functionalized with cyclodextranes, which allows the extraction of pesticides, hormones and toxins from aqueous solutions.

     [22] Langmuir 2011, 27, 1924-9. (DOI)

TurboBeads can be functionalized with polymerizable ligands (e.g. vinyl) enabling an incorporation into advanced materials:

     [23] Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 3044-49. (DOI)
     [24] Small 2009, 5, 383-8. (DOI)
     [25] Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 8-10. (DOI)
     [26] Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 3901-06. (DOI)

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